The effect of Bulgarian (contrasting) training within exercises on developing strength endurance and forehand and backhand ground strokes in young tennis players
Main Article Content
Abstract
The aim of the research was to identify the effect of the Bulgarian training method (contrasting) within exercises in developing strength endurance and forehand and backhand ground strokes for young tennis players. The researchers adopted the experimental method as it is the most appropriate method to address the research problem and achieve its objectives, especially with the design of the two equivalent groups (control and experimental). The research sample was the tennis players of the Shatt al-Arab Youth Club in Basra Governorate. The researchers concluded that the Bulgarian training method (contrasting) within exercises is important in raising the level of strength endurance and forehand and backhand ground strokes for young tennis players. Accordingly, the researchers recommended adopting the Bulgarian training method (contrasting) within exercises because it is important in raising the level of strength endurance and forehand and backhand ground strokes for young tennis players.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Abdel Maqsoud, E. (1997). Sports training theories: Strength training and physiology. Cairo: Al-Kitab Publishing Center.
Ahmed, M. A., Taha, D., & Al, S. (2023). The effect of recovery with cold water after high physical effort similar to competition on some functional variables for tennis players. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 33(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v33i2.435
Al-Sumaidaie, L. G., & Al-Shouk, N. I. et al. (2010). Statistics and Tests in the Sports Field (1st ed, p. 373).
Hussein, A. A. J., Jassim, L. K., & Ahmed, M. S. (2018). Study of the inter-correlations of some physical, skill and functional abilities among Anbar football club players. Research of the First International Scientific Conference of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Diyala. http://148.72.244.84/xmlui/handle/xmlui/12668
Jabbar, H. K., Hassan, L. M., & Ali, M. M. (2023). Mind mapping strategy and its impact on learning some basic tennis skills. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v33i2.453
Kadhim, L. J. (2017). The Effect of Playing Training Method According to Some Biomechanical Variables on Developing Three-Point Jump Shooting and Some Functional Variables for Young Basketball Players. Journal of Physical Education Studies and Research, 50, 281.
Kazem, H., Issa, A., & Alwan, H. (2021). The Effect of Two Training Methods: Contrasting and Cross Training on Developing Some Types of Strength and Skill Performance in Youth Basketball. Journal of Sports Education Studies and Research, 31(3), 23–36. https://jsrse.edu.iq/index.php/home/article/view/17
Khazaal, A. M., & Fadel, M. H. (2024). Using Special Exercises for The Explosive Power Of The Legs And Arms According To Energy Systems In Developing Some Physical And Functional Aspects Of Gymnasts. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v34i2.467
Marwan, A. M. I., & Muhammad, J. A.-Y. (2010). Modern trends in the science of sports training (1st edition, p. 22). Al-Warraq Publishing and Distribution.
Muhammad, S. H. (2001). Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sports (4th Edition). Dar Al-Fikr.
Shareef, K. N. F. (2024). The effect of plyometric training using the double pyramid method (opposite and opposite) on some physical variables of advanced handball players. Journal of Sports Education Studies and Research, 34(1), 55–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v34i1.434
Wagdy, E.-F. M., & Mohamed, L. E.-S. (2002). The Scientific Foundations of Sports Training for Players and Coaches (p. 75). Dar El-Hoda for Publishing and Distribution.