The effect of maximal strength training with central contraction using retardant force on the biomechanical indicators of the (support-push) phases of the volleyball spike skill in young athletes

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of maximal strength training using concentric contraction with resistance on the biomechanical indicators of the spike skill in volleyball among youth players. The researcher used the experimental method with a single-group design based on pre-test and post-test measurements. The study sample included six players from Al-Shatra Sports Club. A training program was implemented for eight weeks, focusing on developing maximal strength of the legs and trunk, using additional resistance during concentric contraction to stimulate neuromuscular coordination and improve motor control.

The statistical analysis results using the Wilcoxon test showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test in leg angle, trunk angle, and angular velocity indicators during the support and push phases, in addition to an increase in the kinetic transfer index between the trunk and legs. These results reflect improved motor control, coordination of muscles with the nervous system, and increased ability to produce force in the shortest possible time, which supports the technical performance of the spike skill. The results also showed the effectiveness of the training in enhancing maximal muscular strength, improving body positions during performance, and increasing the efficiency of kinetic energy transfer among different body parts.

The study indicates that maximal strength training using concentric contraction with resistance is suitable for developing the technical performance of the spike, with potential application in future training programs to improve strength, balance, and motor coordination among volleyball players.