The Effect f Plyometric Exercises on Developing Some Physical Fitness Components in Wheelchair Fencing Athletes (Category A)

Abstract

This research aims to explore the impact of plyometric exercises in developing physical fitness components for wheelchair fencing athletes (Category A). The objectives are to design a program for enhancing physical fitness elements in these athletes using plyometric exercises and to measure the improvement rate in these components. The researcher adopted the experimental method, suitable for the nature of the study, utilizing a pre-test and post-test design for a single experimental group. The sample consisted of 14 athletes from the Suleimaniya Fencing Club (Category A). The sample was divided into two groups: 4 athletes for the exploratory study and 10 athletes for the main study, on whom the program was applied. The results indicated significant improvements in muscular strength in the experimental group, highlighting the effectiveness of the training program in developing upper body strength. The test results for speed-strength ability showed improved capacity in performing rapid movements, which enhances both offensive and defensive performance in fencing. Additionally, there was a notable improvement in flexibility, which contributed to increased range of motion in the trunk, facilitating smoother movement performance.

The researcher recommends continuing the use of the training program applied in the study, as it demonstrated clear effectiveness in improving the basic physical capabilities of fencing athletes (Category A). The program can be repeated periodically to maintain physical improvement and enhance athletic performance. Given the significant improvement in flexibility, it is essential to include additional flexibility exercises in future training programs. More time should be dedicated to improving trunk flexibility and other joints to achieve better performance in complex movements during competitions.