The effect of specific exercises with training tools in alleviating motor performance difficulties and developing explosive ability and shooting accuracy from outside the 6-meter area in handball

Abstract

 The aim of the research was to identify the effect of qualitative exercises with training tools in alleviating the difficulties of motor performance (skills), and developing explosive ability and shooting accuracy from outside the 6-meter area for the players of the Kirkuk Girls Sports Club in handball. The researcher followed the experimental method by designing the experimental and control group. The two pre- and post-tests were conducted on (20) female players from the research community, which numbered (29) female players who had difficulties in motor performance (skills) and shooting accuracy after they were diagnosed according to a special scale for shooting skill consisting of (12) paragraphs. Thus, the percentage of the research sample was (68.96%). The researcher used tests, measurement and observation. The pre-tests were conducted in the hall of the Directorate of Sports and Youth in Kirkuk Governorate. The qualitative exercises were applied with training tools to the members of the experimental group. The time period for implementing the main components of the experiment took (4) weeks and the number of training units per week (2). Two units, and the duration of each training unit was (90) minutes. After the end of the specified period for application, post-tests were conducted on the experimental and control research groups. After extracting the results and processing them with appropriate statistical means, conclusions were reached, from which the results showed that qualitative exercises with training tools have a major role in reducing difficulties in motor performance (skills). In addition, qualitative exercises with training tools contributed positively to developing explosive power and shooting accuracy from outside the 6-meter area in handball. In light of these conclusions, the researcher made several recommendations, the most important of which is emphasizing the adoption of qualitative exercises with training tools in training units to reduce Difficulties in motor performance (skills), shooting accuracy, and the need for the trainer to focus on developing the players’ physical abilities and knowledge of the capabilities specific to each of the other handball skills.

The research problem lies in attempting to use an indirect mental training pattern (3-5 minutes prior to performance) to develop bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and motor skills, as well as to learn and retain some basic volleyball skills. One of the research objectives was to determine the differences in post-test retention between the experimental and control groups in the research variables.

The experimental method was used due to its suitability for the nature of the research problem. The research population consisted of (18) youth players from Erbil Sports Club for the (2024-2025) season. The research sample included (14) players who were divided into two groups: the first represented the indirect mental training group, and the second represented the control group. The players were assigned to the two groups by lottery. Each group consisted of (7) players, representing (77.77%) of the research population.

An experimental design with equivalent groups and pre-tests and post-tests was used. The researchers prepared questionnaires to survey the opinions of experts and specialists regarding the validity of the research variables The results showed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test for both research groups in bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, specific motor skills, and basic skills, in favor of the post-test, including retention scores.

The researchers concluded that indirect mental training is effective in developing bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, improving specific motor qualities, learning basic volleyball skills, and increasing their retention. Accordingly, the study recommended the adoption of indirect mental training within training and educational units in volleyball, due to its effective impact on developing bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and improving motor qualities and basic skills.