The Effect of Visual–Spatial Intelligence Using the Small-Sided Games Strategy on Developing Dribbling Skill Among Preparatory School Students
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Abstract
his study examines the effect of visual–spatial intelligence using the Small-Sided Games (SSGs) strategy on developing dribbling skills among preparatory school students. Dribbling is a fundamental team sports skill often taught through traditional methods that emphasize repetitive mechanical practice, overlooking cognitive and perceptual dimensions. A quasi-experimental design was employed with thirty students divided into an experimental group, which received SSG-based training, and a control group, which followed conventional instruction. The findings revealed that the intervention significantly enhanced both dribbling skills and visual–spatial intelligence in the experimental group. Post-test comparisons showed meaningful differences favoring the experimental group, and a moderate correlation between pre- and post-test scores indicated sustained improvement. The results highlight the effectiveness of integrating visual–spatial intelligence with SSGs in physical education, providing an engaging and interactive environment that promotes skill development. These findings suggest practical implications for educators and coaches seeking to adopt modern, cognitively enriched teaching strategies to improve motor performance in preparatory students
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