The Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises on Restoring Spiral Line Muscle Strength and Reducing Low Back Pain in Young Swimmers
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aimed to design and implement rehabilitation exercises to restore spiral line muscle strength and reduce the intensity of non-slipping low back pain among young swimmers. It further sought to examine the effectiveness of these exercises in enhancing muscle strength, alleviating pain, and determining the superiority of their application compared with conventional rehabilitation methods. The experimental approach was employed using a two-group design (experimental and control). The sample consisted of 13 young swimmers from various Baghdad clubs diagnosed with spiral line–related low back pain, without complications, and attending the Physical Therapy Unit at Al-Karkh General Hospital. All participants were intentionally selected (100% of the population) and randomly assigned into two groups: six swimmers in the experimental group and seven in the control group. The experimental group followed a six-week rehabilitation program with three sessions per week. Data were analyze using SPSS, and results indicated that the rehabilitation exercises significantly improved spiral line muscle strength and reduced low back pain levels (V.A.S.) in young swimmers. The experimental group outperformed the control group, demonstrating the effectiveness of the program. The study recommends incorporating appropriate warm-up routines to prepare the spiral line muscles for both resistance and non-resistance rehabilitation exercises. Additionally, attention should be given to the duration of muscle elongation for the back and abdominal muscles when using resistance, ensuring alignment with athletes’ physical capacity and avoiding overstrain.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Abd Alghafoor, B. (2020a). Use of rehabilitation program by using physical therapies to rehabilitate wrist joint injury for fencing players (disabilities) on wheelchairs. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 30(4), 246–253.
Abd Alghafoor, B. (2020b). Use of rehabilitation program by using physical therapies to rehabilitate wrist joint injury for fencing players (disabilities) on wheelchairs. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 30(4), 246–253.
Ezzal, Y. H. (2009). The effect of controlling breathing rate on some functional variables and the achievement of (50-100) meters freestyle swimming. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 24.
Habeeb Azzal, Y., & Mustafa Ahmed, A. (2025). The effect of training using the 4D PRO device on the starting speed and digital level in abdominal crawl swimmers for juniors. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v35i2.1080©Authors
Hafez, D. (2021). The effect of rehabilitation exercises using dead sea salts dissolved in hot water tub in the rehabilitation of the injury of partial rupture of the calcaneofibular ligament and relieve the degree of pain in the ankle joint. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 68.
Kamil, A., & Munahi, S. (2019). The Effect of Therapeutic Methodology Applying Reflex Points to Rehabilitate Muscles of Lumbar Vertebrates on Lower Back of Handball Players. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 61.
Kazim, M. A.-R., Abdulwahhab, G. H., & MUSTAFA, A. A. (2025). yaseer The effect of the Hilda model in learning some basic skills in freestyle swimming for students. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 35(2), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v35i2.787
Qasim Khudair, M., Saleh, Q., & Allah, M. (2024). Rehabilitation Approach for Tennis Players’ Medial Elbow Muscles Tendon Injury Using MMT Diagnosis Method. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v34i3.620©Authors
Saeed, S., & Rahman, A. (2025). A rehabilitation program for partial ankle rupture injury for football players in Basra Governorate. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education 35Vol, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v35i3.1092©Authors
Taha Yaseen, S. (2024). Rehabilitation program for partial rupture of the brachialis tendon in injured oriental games players. Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education, 34(4). https://doi.org/10.55998/jsrse.v34i4.777©Authors
Al-Badawi, Ehab. (2023). The Scientific Revolution in Muscle Training. Alexandria: Al-Maaref Publishing and Distribution House
Thabit, Hind Ali. (2018). The Effect of a Rehabilitation Program with Different Resistances Accompanied by Electrical Stimulation on the Range of Motion and Muscle Strength of Some Fracture Injuries Around the Elbow Joint. PhD Dissertation. College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls. University of Baghdad
Hassan, Sahar Mahmoud. (2006). Three-Dimensional Analysis of Trunk Movement in Relation to Categories of Lower Back Dysfunction. Cairo University. Faculty of Physical Therapy
Riyad, Osama. (2008). Sports Injuries. Cairo. Al-Azhar University. Regional Development Center
Zaher, Abdel Rahman Abdel Rahim. (2006). Encyclopedia of Sports Injuries and Their First Aid. Cairo. The Book Center for Publishing
Shehata, Mohamed Ibrahim. (2006). Fundamentals of Sports Training. Alexandria. The Egyptian Library for Printing and Publishing
Al-Amri, Khaled. (2004). Training Guide (Muscle Building and Strength Training). (2). Cairo: Dar Al-Farouk for Publishing and Distribution
Faraj, Jamal Sabri. (2011). Strength, Power, and Modern Sports Training. Amman: Dar Dijla for Publishing
Faleh, S. S., Hassan, A. N., & Kazem, H. A. R. (2019). The Impact of The Small Intensive Training Circuit in the Development of Special Endurance and the Offensive Skills of Young Basketball Players. Marathon, 11(1), 39–50.
Kamel, Hammadi Muhammad. (2017). Physical Therapy. Cairo: Tariq Al-Sahha Library
Malih, Fatima Abdul Mahdi, and Nawal Mahdi. (2008). The Science of Sports Training. Baghdad: Dar Al-Kutub Wal-Watha'iq
Ma'aqsi, Ahmed Damoush Hilal. (2018). The Importance of Physical Preparation and its Role in Reducing the Occurrence of Sports Injuries among Football Players. Bouira: University of Bouira
Mansour, Samer. (2012). Muscle Stretching and Strength from a Biomechanical Perspective. Baghdad: Sports Library Publications
Al-Nawasra, Hassan Muhammad. (2009). Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System. Cairo: Dar Al-Jami'een for Publishing and Distribution
Yahya, Muhammad. (2018). The Effect of Exercise on Balance and Motor Control in the Elderly. Egypt. Journal of Health Research and Medical Sciences
Mills, JD, Taunton, JE, and Mills, WA. (2005). The effect of a 10-week training regimen on lumbo-pelvic stability and athletic performance in female athletes: a randomized-controlled trial. Phys. there Sport 6: 60–66
Yamada, Minoru, et al. (2018). Effects of muscle strengthening exercise and dietary guidance on motor function and muscle strength in frail elderly people: a randomized controlled trial.” Physical Therapy 98.3: 195-204
Teasell RW, Foley NC, Bhogal SK, Speechley MR. (2013). An evidence-based review of stroke rehabilitation. Topics in stroke rehabilitation; 10. (1)
Wilk KE, Arrigo CA, (2017). Rehabilitation Principles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Knee: Twelve Steps for Successful Progression and Return to Play
Shehata. E: (2013). Effect of core stability exercise on some physical ability, strength and death of fore hand and backhand groundstrokes for the tennis bilayers, the four international conference on sport and exercise since. March 26-29, Bangkok, Thailand
Montgomery & Other. (2011). the officinal of spinal and pelvic fixation on trunk rotation range of motion (26)
Voight, M. L. Hogeboom, B. J. & Prentice W. E. (2007). Understanding and managing the healing process through rehabilitation. In: (eds.), Musculoskeletal interventions: techniques for therapeutic exercise. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Med
Babault & Others, (2007). Muscle Strength and Power of Elite Rugby Players. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 21(2): P431-437
Baker, D., Nance, S., & Moore, M. (2023). The load that maximizes the average mechanical power output during jump squats in power-trained athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(1), 92-97
IASJ
CC-BY-4.0
turnitin
ISSN
DOAJ
Crossref
GoogleScholar
Orcid